Studs my friends. The fastening system (hex nuts) is then on the outside of the flange, not buried deep in the manifold. If they want to seize solid in the manifold, don't care anymore.
This follows the same reasoning as the water jacket side plate studs.
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Neil
1977 Catalina 30
San Pedro, California
prior boats 1987 Westsail 32, 1970 Catalina 22
Had my hands in a few others
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